Search results for "comportement alimentaire"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Associations between food consumption patterns and saliva composition: Specificities of eating difficulties children
2017
Identifying objective markers of dietwould be beneficial to research fields such as nutritional epidemiology. As a preliminary study on the validity of using saliva for this purpose, and in order to explore the relationship between saliva and diet, we focused on clearly contrasted groups of children: children with eating difficulties (ED) receiving at least 50% of their energy intake through artificial nutrition vs healthy controls (C). Saliva of ED and C children was analyzed by various methods (targeted biochemical analyses, 2-D electrophoresis coupled to MS, 1H NMR) and their diet was characterized using food frequency questionnaires, considering 148 food items grouped into 13 categories…
Lack of Hypothalamus Polysialylation Inducibility Correlates With Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Predisposition to Obesity
2018
This original research article (6 p.) is part of the research topic . Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neuroenergetics, Nutrition and Brain Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Nutrition.; International audience; High variability exists in individual susceptibility to develop overweight in an obesogenic environment and the biological underpinnings of this heterogeneity are poorly understood. In this brief report, we show in mice that the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity is associated with low level of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a factor of neural plasticity, in the hypothalamus. As we previously shown that reduction of hypothalami…
Quels sont les freins à la consommation des fruits et des légumes chez les enfants ? Quelles stratégies basées sur la science peuvent-elles aider à l…
2022
Les recherches sur le goût aux frontières de la recherche biomédicale
2013
Présentation orale (29 p.) à l'attention des pouvoirs publics; Les recherches sur le "goût" telle que menées au Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation font appel à des sujets humains pour mener les expérimentations. Pour autant, peut-on dire que ce sont des recherches "pratiquées sur l'être humain en vue du développement des connaissances biologiques ou médicales" (Article L1121-1 du Code de Santé Publique) ? Et doit- on dans ce cas déposer les protocoles auprès des comités de protection de personnes et de l'autorité compétente ? La réponse à cette question dépend à la fois de l'objectif de la recherche, de la place du sujet, des notions de de "procédure supplémentaire" et de risq…
"Having a drink in a bar...!" : contextual effects on drink experience : promises of the immersive approach for studying contextual influences on foo…
2013
The overall aim of the present thesis is to study contextual influences on food behaviour (including variables coming from the environment and from the consumer). To this purpose, an immersive method using a space with physical elements was used, in order to evoke a realistic situation within a laboratory setting. Here, the method consisted in designing an immersive bar evoking the situation of “having a drink in a bar”. Two variants of the bar were created and five studies were implemented in these spaces to study how context influences food choices and evaluation. Our approach consisted in taking the product as central in the link between the consumer and the environment and not as a cont…
Maternal and paternal feeding practices : links with young children’s eating behaviours and influencing factors : a systemic approach.
2021
Parents play a key role in the development of children’s eating preferences and behaviours. This doctoral project aimed to gain more insight into the feeding practices mothers and fathers use for pre-schoolers in France and Denmark. Four studies, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, were conducted to study the links between maternal and paternal feeding practices/styles and child eating behaviours, possible predictors of parental feeding and portioning practices, and gender differences in feeding practices and parental involvement in child feeding. Special attention was also paid to cultural influences and how changes in the context (due to the COVID-19 pandemic) can influence ea…
Rice cooking and sensory quality
2019
International audience; This chapter provides a state-of-the-art review of the diversity and dynamics of consumer demand with respect to the eating quality of rice worldwide. Quality includes both tangible measurable factors (rice characteristics) and the context of consumption. The main sensory attributes evaluated around the world are described, and their relationship with the diversity of consumer demand is discussed. Instrumental methods for predicting quality measured on either raw or cooked grains are reviewed. The changes that occur in the rice grain during cooking are described along with a modeling approach able to predict the changes and their spatial distribution in the rice grai…
Compréhension des processus cognitifs de traitement de l’information alimentaire chez des individus normo-pondéraux, en surpoids et en obésité : infl…
2020
Obesity has a multifactorial origin that implies biological, social, psychological, and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that particular cognitive processing of food stimuli could contribute to the maintenance and development of obesity. This vulnerability was characterized by attentional biases (i.e. the tendency to automatically orient one’s attention) and a decreased inhibitory control (i.e. difficulties to control one’s cognitive processes) toward foods. This phenomenon may be reinforced by the obesogenic environment: an environment abundant in food and with a lack of options for physical exercise. Among the five studies presented in this work, we characterized olfacto…
Les effets de l'éducation sensorielle sur les préférences et les comportements alimentaires des enfants
2010
National audience; Ce dossier réalisé en partenariat avec le Centre européen des produits de l’enfant traite de la responsabilité éducative des adultes et de l’éducation de l’enfant futur citoyen consommateur.Il consacre une large place à la mise en place des politiques et des pratiques existantes dans plusieurs pays d’Europe et au Canada. Son ambition est de participer aux débats d’idées et de donner des repères sur les enjeux que représentent pour l’avenir de l’humanité, l’éducation et la consommation. Ce dossier est coordonné par Valérie-Inès de La Ville Professeur de Sciences de Gestion, Directrice Centre Européen des Produits de l’Enfant et Christian Gautellier Directeur des publicatio…
Flavors of childhood
2017
National audience; À en croire l'empreinte laissée chez le narrateur de Marcel Proust par une madeleine, les arômes et les odeurs de la cuisine de notre enfance seraient loin d'être anodines. les premières expériences et apprentissages alimentaires dans l'enfance resteraient décisifs dans la mise en place de certaines préférences et les comportements alimentaires. les prédispositions biologiques, environnementales sont des facteurs qui interagissent également pour déterminer notre coup de fourchette, une fois adulte.